Comparison Of Chest CT Scan Between Smokers And Non Smokers
Abstract
Purpose: Smoking has a direct effect on the respiratory system. The rate of cigarette smoking among the population has continued to increase steadily. The current study identified and compared the respiratory function of young smokers and non-smokers.
Subjects: Participants of both sexes, smokers and non-smokers, aged 16 to 62 years, were recruited. Information was collected in Kirkuk Governorate in Azadi hospitals from January to March 2023.
METHODS: Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire related to smoking habits, housing, educational level, chronic diseases and the treatments they receive.
Results: The CT scan results showed significant differences between the smokers and non-smokers group. Smokers found an abnormal picture of the lung in many patients.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that the effects of smoking are present and actual and can be observed in a CT scan, after which the effects are clear on the smoker. This information can be used to show the harm of smoking and should be used to encourage young people to quit smoking or to avoid smoking cigarettes
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3. West JB. Thoughts on the pulmonary blood-gas barrier. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003;285(3):L501–L513.
4. Gehr P, Bachofen M, Weibel ER. The normal human lung: ultrastructure and morphometric estimation of diffusion capacity. Respir Physiol. 1978;32(2):121– 140.
5. Phillips CG, Kaye SR. On the asymmetry of bifurcations in the bronchial tree. Respir Physiol. 1997;107(1):85–98.
6. Stevens T, Phan S, Frid MG, et al. Lung vascular cell heterogeneity: endothelium, smooth muscle, and fibroblasts. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008;5(7):783–791.
7. Whitsett JA, Wert SE, Weaver TE. Alveolar surfactant homeostasis and the pathogenesis of pulmonary disease. Annu Rev Med. 2010;61:105–119.
8. Gosens R, Mutawe M, Martin S, et al. Caveolae and caveolins in the respiratory system. Curr Mol Med. 2008;8(8):741–753.
9. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS). A Report of the Surgeon General: How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease: What It Means to You (Consumer Booklet). Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office on Smoking and Health; 2010.
10. Fraig M, Shreesha U, Savici D, Katzenstein AL. Respiratory bronchiolitis: a clinicopathologic study in current smokers, ex-smokers, and never-smokers. Am J Surg Pathol. 2002;26:647–653.
11. Barnoya J, Glantz SA. Cardiovascular effects of secondhand smoke: nearly as large as smoking. Circulation 111:26842698,2005.
12. Remy-Jardin M, Remy J, Boulenquez C, Sobaszek A, Edme JL, Furon D. Morphologic effects of cigarette smoking on airways and pulmonary parenchyma in healthy adult volunteers: CT evaluation and correlation with pulmonary function tests. Radiology 1993;186:107–115.
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